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1. 事情还没发生，但已经近了\n\n**要……了**表示一件事就要发生，或一种情况就要改变。**快……了**更强调离那件事发生的时间很近。\n\n:::example\n天很黑，**要下雨了**。我们回家吧。\n\n电影**要开始了**，请把手机关掉。\n\n我们**快到家了**，再走五分钟就到了。\n:::\n\n这些句子都不是说事情已经完成。例如，“快到家了”表示现在还没到家。\n\n## 2. 基本语序\n\n把**要**、**就要**、**快**或**快要**放在动作前面，把**了**放在句末。\n\n| 结构 | 例句 | 意思 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 谁／什么＋要＋动作＋了 | 火车**要开了**。 | 火车还没开，但很快就开。 |\n| 谁／什么＋就要＋动作＋了 | 火车**就要开了**。 | 火车马上就开。 |\n| 谁／什么＋快＋动作＋了 | 客人**快来了**。 | 客人还没来，但快到了。 |\n| 谁／什么＋快要＋动作＋了 | 我们**快要下课了**。 | 离下课的时间很近。 |\n\n**快要……了**也是常用的说法。在上面的意思中，“快”和“快要”常常可以替换。\n\n:::example\n火车**快开了**。＝火车**快要开了**。\n\n我们**快到学校了**。＝我们**快要到学校了**。\n:::\n\n## 3. 不只可以说动作\n\n这些说法也可以表示天气、年龄等快有变化了。\n\n:::example\n天**要黑了**，我们早点回去吧。\n\n妹妹**快六岁了**，下个月就是她的生日。\n\n现在十一点五十五分，**快十二点了**。\n:::\n\n说年龄和几点时，常用**快＋年龄／时间＋了**。“快六岁了”是还没到六岁；“快十二点了”是还没到十二点。\n\n:::note\n这里的“快”不是说动作做得快。\n\n“请走快一点”说走路的速度；“快到家了”说离到家的时间很近。\n:::\n\n## 4. 有明确时间时怎么说\n\n**要……了**和**就要……了**可以和“明天、下周、八点”等时间词一起用。时间词放在“要”或“就要”前面。“就要……了”强调事情已经很近了。\n\n:::example\n我**明天要回国了**，今天想和朋友吃顿饭。\n\n我们**下周要考试了**，这几天得多看书。\n\n现在七点五十五分，火车**八点就要开了**。\n:::\n\n直接说明事情会在“明天、下周”等具体时间发生时，用**要……了**或**就要……了**，不用**快……了／快要……了**。\n\n:::example\n✗ 我们明天快出发了。\n\n✓ 我们**明天就要出发了**。\n:::\n\n- 说具体时间：我们**明天要出发了**。\n- 只强调时间近：我们**快出发了**。\n\n注意：“快十二点了”中的“十二点”放在“快”后面，表示还没到的时间，和“八点就要开了”中的“八点”用法不同。\n\n“近”不一定是几分钟，也可以是几天，要看说的是什么事。\n\n## 5. 注意“了”和“要”的意思\n\n在这里，句末的**了**不表示动作已经完成。\n\n| 句子 | 现在的情况 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 他**要走了**。 | 他还没走，马上就走。 |\n| 他**走了**。 | 他已经离开了。 |\n| 我**要买票**。 | 我有买票的打算或需要。 |\n| 电影**要开始了**。 | 电影马上开始。 |\n\n:::warning\n表达“马上发生”时，注意保留句末的“了”。\n\n“我要走”和“我要走了”都可以说，但意思不完全一样：前一句可以只说自己的打算；后一句告诉别人，离开的时间到了。\n\n✗ 电影快开始。\n\n✓ 电影**快开始了**。\n:::\n\n## 6. 说话前的小检查\n\n1. 事情还没发生，但已经近了吗？用**要……了**或**快……了**。\n2. 想强调时间很近吗？用**快……了**或**快要……了**。\n3. 要说事情在“明天、下周”等具体时间发生吗？用**要……了**或**就要……了**，把时间词放在**要**或**就要**前面，不用**快……了／快要……了**。\n4. 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id=\"section\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">1.\u003C\u002Fspan>事情还没发生，但已经近了\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>要……了\u003C\u002Fstrong>表示一件事就要发生，或一种情况就要改变。\u003Cstrong>快……了\u003C\u002Fstrong>更强调离那件事发生的时间很近。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>天很黑，\u003Cstrong>要下雨了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。我们回家吧。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>电影\u003Cstrong>要开始了\u003C\u002Fstrong>，请把手机关掉。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>我们\u003Cstrong>快到家了\u003C\u002Fstrong>，再走五分钟就到了。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>这些句子都不是说事情已经完成。例如，“快到家了”表示现在还没到家。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-2\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">2.\u003C\u002Fspan>基本语序\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>把\u003Cstrong>要\u003C\u002Fstrong>、\u003Cstrong>就要\u003C\u002Fstrong>、\u003Cstrong>快\u003C\u002Fstrong>或\u003Cstrong>快要\u003C\u002Fstrong>放在动作前面，把\u003Cstrong>了\u003C\u002Fstrong>放在句末。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>结构\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>例句\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>意思\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>谁／什么＋要＋动作＋了\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>火车\u003Cstrong>要开了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>火车还没开，但很快就开。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>谁／什么＋就要＋动作＋了\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>火车\u003Cstrong>就要开了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>火车马上就开。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>谁／什么＋快＋动作＋了\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>客人\u003Cstrong>快来了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>客人还没来，但快到了。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>谁／什么＋快要＋动作＋了\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>我们\u003Cstrong>快要下课了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>离下课的时间很近。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>快要……了\u003C\u002Fstrong>也是常用的说法。在上面的意思中，“快”和“快要”常常可以替换。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>火车\u003Cstrong>快开了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。＝火车\u003Cstrong>快要开了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>我们\u003Cstrong>快到学校了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。＝我们\u003Cstrong>快要到学校了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-3\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">3.\u003C\u002Fspan>不只可以说动作\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>这些说法也可以表示天气、年龄等快有变化了。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>天\u003Cstrong>要黑了\u003C\u002Fstrong>，我们早点回去吧。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>妹妹\u003Cstrong>快六岁了\u003C\u002Fstrong>，下个月就是她的生日。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>现在十一点五十五分，\u003Cstrong>快十二点了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>说年龄和几点时，常用\u003Cstrong>快＋年龄／时间＋了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。“快六岁了”是还没到六岁；“快十二点了”是还没到十二点。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--note\">\u003Cp>这里的“快”不是说动作做得快。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>“请走快一点”说走路的速度；“快到家了”说离到家的时间很近。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-4\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">4.\u003C\u002Fspan>有明确时间时怎么说\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>要……了\u003C\u002Fstrong>和\u003Cstrong>就要……了\u003C\u002Fstrong>可以和“明天、下周、八点”等时间词一起用。时间词放在“要”或“就要”前面。“就要……了”强调事情已经很近了。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>我\u003Cstrong>明天要回国了\u003C\u002Fstrong>，今天想和朋友吃顿饭。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>我们\u003Cstrong>下周要考试了\u003C\u002Fstrong>，这几天得多看书。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>现在七点五十五分，火车\u003Cstrong>八点就要开了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>直接说明事情会在“明天、下周”等具体时间发生时，用\u003Cstrong>要……了\u003C\u002Fstrong>或\u003Cstrong>就要……了\u003C\u002Fstrong>，不用\u003Cstrong>快……了／快要……了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>✗ 我们明天快出发了。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>✓ 我们\u003Cstrong>明天就要出发了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>说具体时间：我们\u003Cstrong>明天要出发了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>只强调时间近：我们\u003Cstrong>快出发了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp>注意：“快十二点了”中的“十二点”放在“快”后面，表示还没到的时间，和“八点就要开了”中的“八点”用法不同。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>“近”不一定是几分钟，也可以是几天，要看说的是什么事。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-5\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">5.\u003C\u002Fspan>注意“了”和“要”的意思\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>在这里，句末的\u003Cstrong>了\u003C\u002Fstrong>不表示动作已经完成。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>句子\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>现在的情况\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>他\u003Cstrong>要走了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>他还没走，马上就走。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>他\u003Cstrong>走了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>他已经离开了。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>我\u003Cstrong>要买票\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>我有买票的打算或需要。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>电影\u003Cstrong>要开始了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>电影马上开始。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--warning\">\u003Cp>表达“马上发生”时，注意保留句末的“了”。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>“我要走”和“我要走了”都可以说，但意思不完全一样：前一句可以只说自己的打算；后一句告诉别人，离开的时间到了。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>✗ 电影快开始。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>✓ 电影\u003Cstrong>快开始了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-6\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">6.\u003C\u002Fspan>说话前的小检查\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>事情还没发生，但已经近了吗？用\u003Cstrong>要……了\u003C\u002Fstrong>或\u003Cstrong>快……了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>想强调时间很近吗？用\u003Cstrong>快……了\u003C\u002Fstrong>或\u003Cstrong>快要……了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>要说事情在“明天、下周”等具体时间发生吗？用\u003Cstrong>要……了\u003C\u002Fstrong>或\u003Cstrong>就要……了\u003C\u002Fstrong>，把时间词放在\u003Cstrong>要\u003C\u002Fstrong>或\u003Cstrong>就要\u003C\u002Fstrong>前面，不用\u003Cstrong>快……了／快要……了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>检查语序：\u003Cstrong>要／就要／快／快要＋动作＋了\u003C\u002Fstrong>，不要把“了”放在动作前。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Fol>\n\u003Cp>记住：\u003Cstrong>要下雨了\u003C\u002Fstrong>是雨还没下；\u003Cstrong>快到家了\u003C\u002Fstrong>是人还没到家。它们都把我们的注意力放在很快会发生的事情上。\u003C\u002Fp>\n",[1316,1320,1324,1328,1332,1336],{"id":1317,"text":1318,"depth":16,"number":1319},"section","事情还没发生，但已经近了","1",{"id":1321,"text":1322,"depth":16,"number":1323},"section-2","基本语序","2",{"id":1325,"text":1326,"depth":16,"number":1327},"section-3","不只可以说动作","3",{"id":1329,"text":1330,"depth":16,"number":1331},"section-4","有明确时间时怎么说","4",{"id":1333,"text":1334,"depth":16,"number":1335},"section-5","注意“了”和“要”的意思","5",{"id":1337,"text":1338,"depth":16,"number":1339},"section-6","说话前的小检查","6"]