[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-page-zh-yao-le-he-kuai-le":3,"grammar-exercises-by-page-01a0e1ad-b7b7-7503-9388-7256e378c94e":138,"exercise-list-path-zh-none":163},{"id":4,"title":5,"slug":6,"seoDescription":7,"content":8,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":11,"grammarTopics":12,"createdAt":19,"updatedAt":20,"vocabularyLists":21,"primaryTopicHub":135,"readyImages":137},"01a0e1ad-b7b7-7503-9388-7256e378c94e","“要……了”和“快……了”","yao-le-he-kuai-le","学习用要……了和快……了表达即将发生的事情，掌握要、快与句末了的位置，理解快要……了的常见用法。通过下雨、出发、到家、生日和报时等日常情境，区分事情快发生与已经完成，了解明天、下周等时间词怎样搭配，辨别要表示打算和快表示速度的不同意思，并用简短检查步骤练习自然地提醒别人或说明将要发生的变化。","说一件事还没有发生，但很快就会发生，可以用**要……了**或**快……了**。这两个说法常用来提醒别人，也可以说天气、时间或生活中的变化。下面学习它们的语序、意思，以及怎样和时间词一起用。\n\n## 1. 事情还没发生，但已经近了\n\n**要……了**表示一件事就要发生，或一种情况就要改变。**快……了**更强调离那件事发生的时间很近。\n\n:::example\n天很黑，**要下雨了**。我们回家吧。\n\n电影**要开始了**，请把手机关掉。\n\n我们**快到家了**，再走五分钟就到了。\n:::\n\n这些句子都不是说事情已经完成。例如，“快到家了”表示现在还没到家。\n\n## 2. 基本语序\n\n把**要**、**就要**、**快**或**快要**放在动作前面，把**了**放在句末。\n\n| 结构 | 例句 | 意思 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 谁／什么＋要＋动作＋了 | 火车**要开了**。 | 火车还没开，但很快就开。 |\n| 谁／什么＋就要＋动作＋了 | 火车**就要开了**。 | 火车马上就开。 |\n| 谁／什么＋快＋动作＋了 | 客人**快来了**。 | 客人还没来，但快到了。 |\n| 谁／什么＋快要＋动作＋了 | 我们**快要下课了**。 | 离下课的时间很近。 |\n\n**快要……了**也是常用的说法。在上面的意思中，“快”和“快要”常常可以替换。\n\n:::example\n火车**快开了**。＝火车**快要开了**。\n\n我们**快到学校了**。＝我们**快要到学校了**。\n:::\n\n## 3. 不只可以说动作\n\n这些说法也可以表示天气、年龄等快有变化了。\n\n:::example\n天**要黑了**，我们早点回去吧。\n\n妹妹**快六岁了**，下个月就是她的生日。\n\n现在十一点五十五分，**快十二点了**。\n:::\n\n说年龄和几点时，常用**快＋年龄／时间＋了**。“快六岁了”是还没到六岁；“快十二点了”是还没到十二点。\n\n:::note\n这里的“快”不是说动作做得快。\n\n“请走快一点”说走路的速度；“快到家了”说离到家的时间很近。\n:::\n\n## 4. 有明确时间时怎么说\n\n**要……了**和**就要……了**可以和“明天、下周、八点”等时间词一起用。时间词放在“要”或“就要”前面。“就要……了”强调事情已经很近了。\n\n:::example\n我**明天要回国了**，今天想和朋友吃顿饭。\n\n我们**下周要考试了**，这几天得多看书。\n\n现在七点五十五分，火车**八点就要开了**。\n:::\n\n直接说明事情会在“明天、下周”等具体时间发生时，用**要……了**或**就要……了**，不用**快……了／快要……了**。\n\n:::example\n✗ 我们明天快出发了。\n\n✓ 我们**明天就要出发了**。\n:::\n\n- 说具体时间：我们**明天要出发了**。\n- 只强调时间近：我们**快出发了**。\n\n注意：“快十二点了”中的“十二点”放在“快”后面，表示还没到的时间，和“八点就要开了”中的“八点”用法不同。\n\n“近”不一定是几分钟，也可以是几天，要看说的是什么事。\n\n## 5. 注意“了”和“要”的意思\n\n在这里，句末的**了**不表示动作已经完成。\n\n| 句子 | 现在的情况 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 他**要走了**。 | 他还没走，马上就走。 |\n| 他**走了**。 | 他已经离开了。 |\n| 我**要买票**。 | 我有买票的打算或需要。 |\n| 电影**要开始了**。 | 电影马上开始。 |\n\n:::warning\n表达“马上发生”时，注意保留句末的“了”。\n\n“我要走”和“我要走了”都可以说，但意思不完全一样：前一句可以只说自己的打算；后一句告诉别人，离开的时间到了。\n\n✗ 电影快开始。\n\n✓ 电影**快开始了**。\n:::\n\n## 6. 说话前的小检查\n\n1. 事情还没发生，但已经近了吗？用**要……了**或**快……了**。\n2. 想强调时间很近吗？用**快……了**或**快要……了**。\n3. 要说事情在“明天、下周”等具体时间发生吗？用**要……了**或**就要……了**，把时间词放在**要**或**就要**前面，不用**快……了／快要……了**。\n4. 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