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1. 用“这”和“那”指人或东西\n\n**这**一般指离说话的人近的人或东西，**那**一般指离说话的人远的人或东西。\n\n:::example\n你手里拿着一本书：**这是我的书。**\n\n你指着远一点的书：**那是你的书。**\n\n你介绍身边的朋友：**这是我的朋友。**\n:::\n\n## 2. “这是……”和“那是……”\n\n介绍人或东西，可以说：**这／那＋是＋人或东西**。\n\n| 想说什么 | 例句 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 介绍近处的人或东西 | **这是**我的老师。 |\n| 介绍远处的人或东西 | **那是**学校。 |\n| 说“不是” | **这不是**我的手机。 |\n| 问“是……吗” | **那是**你的书**吗**？ |\n\n:::example\n甲：**这是**你的手机**吗**？\n\n乙：是，这是我的手机。\n\n甲：**那是**什么？\n\n乙：那是我的电脑。\n:::\n\n## 3. 名词前面用“这个、那个”\n\n“这、那”后面直接说名词时，一般要加**量词**。量词是“个、本、杯”这样的词。\n\n常用的形式是：**这／那＋量词＋名词**。\n\n| 量词 | 近处 | 远处 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 个 | **这个**人 | **那个**人 |\n| 本 | **这本**书 | **那本**书 |\n| 杯 | **这杯**水 | **那杯**水 |\n\n:::example\n**这本书**是我的。\n\n**那个人**是我的老师。\n\n我想喝**这杯水**。\n:::\n\n:::warning\n“这是书”和“这本书”不一样。\n\n- **这是书**：说这是什么。\n- **这本书是我的**：说哪本书是我的。\n\n初学时，建议先说“这本书是我的”。口语里也可以说“这书是我的”。\n:::\n\n## 4. 说地方：这儿和那儿\n\n**这儿**是说话的人所在的地方，或离说话的人近的地方。**那儿**是离说话的人远一点的地方。\n\n说人或东西的位置，常用：**人或东西＋在＋地方**。\n\n| 意思 | 常用形式 | 例句 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 在近的地方 | 在**这儿** | 我的书在这儿。 |\n| 在远的地方 | 在**那儿** | 你的书在那儿。 |\n\n:::note\n**这儿、那儿**也可以说成**这里、那里**。\n\n“我在这儿”和“我在这里”意思一样。\n:::\n\n比较：**这是学校。**说这是什么；**学校在这儿。**说学校在哪里。\n\n## 5. 问地方：哪儿\n\n不知道地方时，用**哪儿**来问。“哪儿”也可以说成**哪里**。\n\n问位置，常用：**人或东西＋在＋哪儿？**\n\n:::example\n甲：洗手间在**哪儿**？\n\n乙：在**那儿**。\n\n甲：你在**哪儿**？\n\n乙：我在学校。\n\n甲：我的手机在哪里？\n\n乙：在这儿。\n:::\n\n问去的地方，可以说：**你去哪儿？** 回答可以是“我去学校”。这里不用“在”。\n\n:::warning\n**那儿**（nàr）是说地方，**哪儿**（nǎr）是问地方。注意汉字和声调：那（nà）是第四声，哪（nǎ）是第三声。\n\n- 他在**那儿**。——我知道他在什么地方。\n- 他在**哪儿**？——我不知道，想问一问。\n\n用“哪儿”问地方时，句末不加“吗”：说**你在哪儿？**，不说“你在哪儿吗？”\n:::\n\n## 6. 说话前看一看\n\n1. 介绍近处的人或东西：用**这**，如“这是我的书”。\n2. 介绍远处的人或东西：用**那**，如“那是我的老师”。\n3. 后面接名词：记得量词，如**这本书、那个人**。\n4. 说位置：用**在这儿、在那儿**。\n5. 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id=\"section\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">1.\u003C\u002Fspan>用“这”和“那”指人或东西\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>这\u003C\u002Fstrong>一般指离说话的人近的人或东西，\u003Cstrong>那\u003C\u002Fstrong>一般指离说话的人远的人或东西。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>你手里拿着一本书：\u003Cstrong>这是我的书。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>你指着远一点的书：\u003Cstrong>那是你的书。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>你介绍身边的朋友：\u003Cstrong>这是我的朋友。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-2\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">2.\u003C\u002Fspan>“这是……”和“那是……”\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>介绍人或东西，可以说：\u003Cstrong>这／那＋是＋人或东西\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>想说什么\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>例句\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>介绍近处的人或东西\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>这是\u003C\u002Fstrong>我的老师。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>介绍远处的人或东西\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>那是\u003C\u002Fstrong>学校。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>说“不是”\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>这不是\u003C\u002Fstrong>我的手机。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>问“是……吗”\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>那是\u003C\u002Fstrong>你的书\u003Cstrong>吗\u003C\u002Fstrong>？\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>甲：\u003Cstrong>这是\u003C\u002Fstrong>你的手机\u003Cstrong>吗\u003C\u002Fstrong>？\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>乙：是，这是我的手机。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>甲：\u003Cstrong>那是\u003C\u002Fstrong>什么？\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>乙：那是我的电脑。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-3\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">3.\u003C\u002Fspan>名词前面用“这个、那个”\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>“这、那”后面直接说名词时，一般要加\u003Cstrong>量词\u003C\u002Fstrong>。量词是“个、本、杯”这样的词。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>常用的形式是：\u003Cstrong>这／那＋量词＋名词\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>量词\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>近处\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>远处\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>个\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>这个\u003C\u002Fstrong>人\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>那个\u003C\u002Fstrong>人\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>本\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>这本\u003C\u002Fstrong>书\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>那本\u003C\u002Fstrong>书\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>杯\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>这杯\u003C\u002Fstrong>水\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>那杯\u003C\u002Fstrong>水\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>这本书\u003C\u002Fstrong>是我的。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>那个人\u003C\u002Fstrong>是我的老师。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>我想喝\u003Cstrong>这杯水\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--warning\">\u003Cp>“这是书”和“这本书”不一样。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>这是书\u003C\u002Fstrong>：说这是什么。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>这本书是我的\u003C\u002Fstrong>：说哪本书是我的。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp>初学时，建议先说“这本书是我的”。口语里也可以说“这书是我的”。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-4\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">4.\u003C\u002Fspan>说地方：这儿和那儿\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>这儿\u003C\u002Fstrong>是说话的人所在的地方，或离说话的人近的地方。\u003Cstrong>那儿\u003C\u002Fstrong>是离说话的人远一点的地方。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>说人或东西的位置，常用：\u003Cstrong>人或东西＋在＋地方\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>意思\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>常用形式\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>例句\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>在近的地方\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>在\u003Cstrong>这儿\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>我的书在这儿。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>在远的地方\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>在\u003Cstrong>那儿\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>你的书在那儿。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--note\">\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>这儿、那儿\u003C\u002Fstrong>也可以说成\u003Cstrong>这里、那里\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>“我在这儿”和“我在这里”意思一样。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>比较：**这是学校。**说这是什么；**学校在这儿。**说学校在哪里。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-5\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">5.\u003C\u002Fspan>问地方：哪儿\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>不知道地方时，用\u003Cstrong>哪儿\u003C\u002Fstrong>来问。“哪儿”也可以说成\u003Cstrong>哪里\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>问位置，常用：\u003Cstrong>人或东西＋在＋哪儿？\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>甲：洗手间在\u003Cstrong>哪儿\u003C\u002Fstrong>？\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>乙：在\u003Cstrong>那儿\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>甲：你在\u003Cstrong>哪儿\u003C\u002Fstrong>？\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>乙：我在学校。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>甲：我的手机在哪里？\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>乙：在这儿。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>问去的地方，可以说：\u003Cstrong>你去哪儿？\u003C\u002Fstrong> 回答可以是“我去学校”。这里不用“在”。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--warning\">\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>那儿\u003C\u002Fstrong>（nàr）是说地方，\u003Cstrong>哪儿\u003C\u002Fstrong>（nǎr）是问地方。注意汉字和声调：那（nà）是第四声，哪（nǎ）是第三声。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>他在\u003Cstrong>那儿\u003C\u002Fstrong>。——我知道他在什么地方。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>他在\u003Cstrong>哪儿\u003C\u002Fstrong>？——我不知道，想问一问。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp>用“哪儿”问地方时，句末不加“吗”：说\u003Cstrong>你在哪儿？\u003C\u002Fstrong>，不说“你在哪儿吗？”\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-6\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">6.\u003C\u002Fspan>说话前看一看\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>介绍近处的人或东西：用\u003Cstrong>这\u003C\u002Fstrong>，如“这是我的书”。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>介绍远处的人或东西：用\u003Cstrong>那\u003C\u002Fstrong>，如“那是我的老师”。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>后面接名词：记得量词，如\u003Cstrong>这本书、那个人\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>说位置：用\u003Cstrong>在这儿、在那儿\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>问地方：用\u003Cstrong>哪儿\u003C\u002Fstrong>，如“学校在哪儿？”或“你去哪儿？”\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Fol>\n",[1355,1359,1363,1367,1371,1375],{"id":1356,"text":1357,"depth":16,"number":1358},"section","用“这”和“那”指人或东西","1",{"id":1360,"text":1361,"depth":16,"number":1362},"section-2","“这是……”和“那是……”","2",{"id":1364,"text":1365,"depth":16,"number":1366},"section-3","名词前面用“这个、那个”","3",{"id":1368,"text":1369,"depth":16,"number":1370},"section-4","说地方：这儿和那儿","4",{"id":1372,"text":1373,"depth":16,"number":1374},"section-5","问地方：哪儿","5",{"id":1376,"text":1377,"depth":16,"number":1378},"section-6","说话前看一看","6"]