[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-page-zh-zhe-na-he-nar":3,"grammar-exercises-by-page-01a0e1ad-b902-7709-a077-2dd31195433c":200,"exercise-list-path-zh-none":230},{"id":4,"title":5,"slug":6,"seoDescription":7,"content":8,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":11,"grammarTopics":12,"createdAt":18,"updatedAt":19,"vocabularyLists":20,"readyImages":199},"01a0e1ad-b902-7709-a077-2dd31195433c","这、那和哪儿","zhe-na-he-nar","学习用这、那介绍近处和远处的人或东西，用哪儿询问地方。掌握这是、那是的简单句子，以及这个人、那本书、这杯水等常用形式。区分这是学校和学校在这儿，练习用在这儿、在那儿回答位置问题，认识这里、那里、哪里的说法，并注意那儿和哪儿的汉字、声调不同，避免问哪儿时再加吗，学会问你去哪儿并用地点回答。","介绍人或东西时，可以用**这、那**。问地方时，可以用**哪儿**。先看近和远，再学会说“在这儿、在那儿”和问“在哪儿”。\n\n## 1. 用“这”和“那”指人或东西\n\n**这**一般指离说话的人近的人或东西，**那**一般指离说话的人远的人或东西。\n\n:::example\n你手里拿着一本书：**这是我的书。**\n\n你指着远一点的书：**那是你的书。**\n\n你介绍身边的朋友：**这是我的朋友。**\n:::\n\n## 2. “这是……”和“那是……”\n\n介绍人或东西，可以说：**这／那＋是＋人或东西**。\n\n| 想说什么 | 例句 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 介绍近处的人或东西 | **这是**我的老师。 |\n| 介绍远处的人或东西 | **那是**学校。 |\n| 说“不是” | **这不是**我的手机。 |\n| 问“是……吗” | **那是**你的书**吗**？ |\n\n:::example\n甲：**这是**你的手机**吗**？\n\n乙：是，这是我的手机。\n\n甲：**那是**什么？\n\n乙：那是我的电脑。\n:::\n\n## 3. 名词前面用“这个、那个”\n\n“这、那”后面直接说名词时，一般要加**量词**。量词是“个、本、杯”这样的词。\n\n常用的形式是：**这／那＋量词＋名词**。\n\n| 量词 | 近处 | 远处 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 个 | **这个**人 | **那个**人 |\n| 本 | **这本**书 | **那本**书 |\n| 杯 | **这杯**水 | **那杯**水 |\n\n:::example\n**这本书**是我的。\n\n**那个人**是我的老师。\n\n我想喝**这杯水**。\n:::\n\n:::warning\n“这是书”和“这本书”不一样。\n\n- **这是书**：说这是什么。\n- **这本书是我的**：说哪本书是我的。\n\n初学时，建议先说“这本书是我的”。口语里也可以说“这书是我的”。\n:::\n\n## 4. 说地方：这儿和那儿\n\n**这儿**是说话的人所在的地方，或离说话的人近的地方。**那儿**是离说话的人远一点的地方。\n\n说人或东西的位置，常用：**人或东西＋在＋地方**。\n\n| 意思 | 常用形式 | 例句 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 在近的地方 | 在**这儿** | 我的书在这儿。 |\n| 在远的地方 | 在**那儿** | 你的书在那儿。 |\n\n:::note\n**这儿、那儿**也可以说成**这里、那里**。\n\n“我在这儿”和“我在这里”意思一样。\n:::\n\n比较：**这是学校。**说这是什么；**学校在这儿。**说学校在哪里。\n\n## 5. 问地方：哪儿\n\n不知道地方时，用**哪儿**来问。“哪儿”也可以说成**哪里**。\n\n问位置，常用：**人或东西＋在＋哪儿？**\n\n:::example\n甲：洗手间在**哪儿**？\n\n乙：在**那儿**。\n\n甲：你在**哪儿**？\n\n乙：我在学校。\n\n甲：我的手机在哪里？\n\n乙：在这儿。\n:::\n\n问去的地方，可以说：**你去哪儿？** 回答可以是“我去学校”。这里不用“在”。\n\n:::warning\n**那儿**（nàr）是说地方，**哪儿**（nǎr）是问地方。注意汉字和声调：那（nà）是第四声，哪（nǎ）是第三声。\n\n- 他在**那儿**。——我知道他在什么地方。\n- 他在**哪儿**？——我不知道，想问一问。\n\n用“哪儿”问地方时，句末不加“吗”：说**你在哪儿？**，不说“你在哪儿吗？”\n:::\n\n## 6. 说话前看一看\n\n1. 介绍近处的人或东西：用**这**，如“这是我的书”。\n2. 介绍远处的人或东西：用**那**，如“那是我的老师”。\n3. 后面接名词：记得量词，如**这本书、那个人**。\n4. 说位置：用**在这儿、在那儿**。\n5. 问地方：用**哪儿**，如“学校在哪儿？”或“你去哪儿？”","zh","A1",11,[13],{"id":14,"name":5,"level":10,"language":9,"isCompleted":15,"completionPercentage":16,"totalExercises":17,"completedExercises":16},"01a0e1ad-b2c3-7917-b6a0-8c11818108b6",false,0,4,"2026-09-27T07:04:13+00:00","2026-10-11T12:53:48+00:00",[21],{"id":22,"title":23,"vocabularyListWords":24,"isPublished":38},"01a0e1ae-19bb-775e-81fb-af9871be4d48","近指、远指与地点疑问",[25,41,54,68,81,95,113,134,150,166,178],{"id":26,"vocabularyWord":27,"displayOrder":39},"01a0e1ae-19bb-780a-81fb-af9871f606eb",{"id":28,"word":29,"frequency":30,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":31,"partsOfSpeech":32,"audio":38,"audioUrl":40},"01a0e1ad-ecbb-71b3-862f-2b8560ddcd5b","这",10,"tts_1094432910d4a0ad_zh-CN.mp3",[33],{"id":34,"partOfSpeech":35,"definition":36,"exampleSentences":37,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":39},"01a0e1ad-ed10-7d18-8af5-240139e650a7","DETERMINER","指离说话人较近或当前正在谈论的人、事物。","这本书是我的。",true,1,"\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_1094432910d4a0ad_zh-CN.mp3",{"id":42,"vocabularyWord":43,"displayOrder":53},"01a0e1ae-19bb-7862-81fb-af9872ed9a8d",{"id":44,"word":45,"frequency":30,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":46,"partsOfSpeech":47,"audio":38,"audioUrl":52},"01a0e1ad-ecbc-7c35-a46e-c6c59572cfbd","那","tts_86b6cfc6f2864ea2_zh-CN.mp3",[48],{"id":49,"partOfSpeech":35,"definition":50,"exampleSentences":51,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":39},"01a0e1ad-ed10-7f4c-8af5-24013a7a3e40","指离说话人较远或前面提到的人、事物。","那座楼是图书馆。","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_86b6cfc6f2864ea2_zh-CN.mp3",2,{"id":55,"vocabularyWord":56,"displayOrder":67},"01a0e1ae-19bb-78a2-81fb-af98739fb347",{"id":57,"word":58,"frequency":30,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":59,"partsOfSpeech":60,"audio":38,"audioUrl":66},"01a0e1ad-ebdb-76a3-97f2-3582ac3a8279","个","tts_182723f6751f1372_zh-CN.mp3",[61],{"id":62,"partOfSpeech":63,"definition":64,"exampleSentences":65,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":39},"01a0e1ad-ec35-7685-bf96-7365c4c36259","COUNTER","最常用的量词之一，可用于人和许多一般事物。","桌上放着三个苹果。","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_182723f6751f1372_zh-CN.mp3",3,{"id":69,"vocabularyWord":70,"displayOrder":17},"01a0e1ae-19bb-78ea-81fb-af9874397ecd",{"id":71,"word":72,"frequency":73,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":74,"partsOfSpeech":75,"audio":38,"audioUrl":80},"01a0e1ad-ec29-746d-a015-58143a2247c1","本",9,"tts_2ba3b510f2c34536_zh-CN.mp3",[76],{"id":77,"partOfSpeech":63,"definition":78,"exampleSentences":79,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":39},"01a0e1ad-ec3c-7b82-b50c-520034185c2b","用于书、词典、杂志等装订成册的物品。","我借了两本小说。","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_2ba3b510f2c34536_zh-CN.mp3",{"id":82,"vocabularyWord":83,"displayOrder":94},"01a0e1ae-19bb-7926-81fb-af9874f17887",{"id":84,"word":85,"frequency":86,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":87,"partsOfSpeech":88,"audio":38,"audioUrl":93},"01a0e1ad-ec2b-77c5-a734-33108ba89974","杯",8,"tts_701f535f8eab353d_zh-CN.mp3",[89],{"id":90,"partOfSpeech":63,"definition":91,"exampleSentences":92,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":39},"01a0e1ad-ec3d-7187-afc9-e81652d0acfd","用于装在杯子里的水、茶、咖啡等饮品。","早饭后他喝了一杯咖啡。","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_701f535f8eab353d_zh-CN.mp3",5,{"id":96,"vocabularyWord":97,"displayOrder":112},"01a0e1ae-19bb-795e-81fb-af98759bbfcd",{"id":98,"word":99,"frequency":73,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":100,"partsOfSpeech":101,"audio":38,"audioUrl":111},"01a0e1ad-f1d8-7bd3-b09f-837dc8cefecc","这儿","tts_47f14f5156425826_zh-CN.mp3",[102,107],{"id":103,"partOfSpeech":104,"definition":105,"exampleSentences":106,"isPrimary":15,"meaningOrder":53},"01a13175-4e65-7f1c-b3ff-6f7b363cf05f","PRONOUN","指说话时的这个时候或这一时刻，常用于“打这儿起”“从这儿开始”等说法中，表示时间上的起点或当前阶段。","打这儿起，我再也不抽烟了。\n从这儿开始，事情变得越来越复杂。\n到这儿，我们的讨论就告一段落。",{"id":108,"partOfSpeech":104,"definition":109,"exampleSentences":110,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":39},"01a13175-4e65-7e98-b3ff-6f7b35af5a59","指说话人所在的地方或离说话人较近的地方，相当于“这里”，口语中常用，多见于北方话。","我就住在这儿，离学校很近。\n请把行李放在这儿吧。\n你怎么还不来？我们都在这儿等你半个小时了。","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_47f14f5156425826_zh-CN.mp3",6,{"id":114,"vocabularyWord":115,"displayOrder":133},"01a0e1ae-19bb-7996-81fb-af987615ef1a",{"id":116,"word":117,"frequency":86,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":118,"partsOfSpeech":119,"audio":38,"audioUrl":132},"01a0e1ad-f1dc-717a-85b9-661bb49dd19e","那儿","tts_435fe5c3326fdf49_zh-CN.mp3",[120,124,128],{"id":121,"partOfSpeech":104,"definition":122,"exampleSentences":123,"isPrimary":15,"meaningOrder":53},"01a13175-8180-7527-b784-672736f47206","用在“打”“从”“由”等词之后，指那个时候，多指过去或将来的某一时间，口语用法。","从那儿起，他再也没有迟到过。\n我是打那儿以后才开始学钢琴的。\n他说完那句话，打那儿就不再来往了。",{"id":125,"partOfSpeech":104,"definition":126,"exampleSentences":127,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":39},"01a13175-8180-749b-b784-672736dcc4a6","指示代词，指离说话人较远的那个地方，相当于“那里”，口语中常用，多见于北方话。","你把书放在那儿吧，我一会儿来拿。\n那儿的风景特别美，我们明年再去一次。\n他就住在那儿，离学校很近。",{"id":129,"partOfSpeech":104,"definition":130,"exampleSentences":131,"isPrimary":15,"meaningOrder":67},"01a13175-8180-756b-b784-67273790811c","用在人称代词或指人的名词后面，表示那个人所在的处所，相当于“那个人那里”。","我昨天去了小王那儿，他给我看了新买的相机。\n钥匙在我妈那儿，你去问她吧。\n这本词典在他那儿，不在我这儿。","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_435fe5c3326fdf49_zh-CN.mp3",7,{"id":135,"vocabularyWord":136,"displayOrder":86},"01a0e1ae-19bb-79ce-81fb-af9876e33331",{"id":137,"word":138,"frequency":30,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":139,"partsOfSpeech":140,"audio":38,"audioUrl":149},"01a0e1ad-f1d9-7de8-b30e-dc1589c2c08d","这里","tts_8ae5ff6ea2b97fc5_zh-CN.mp3",[141,145],{"id":142,"partOfSpeech":104,"definition":143,"exampleSentences":144,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":39},"01a13175-5f4f-7507-95c7-2409db2de4d9","指说话人所在的地方或离说话人较近的地方，与“那里”相对。","我住在这里已经五年了。\n请把行李放在这里。\n这里的风景真美，我们拍张照片吧。",{"id":146,"partOfSpeech":104,"definition":147,"exampleSentences":148,"isPrimary":15,"meaningOrder":53},"01a13175-5f4f-758f-95c7-2409db93fd58","指某个特定的点、阶段或方面，多用于说话、写作或事情进展的过程中，意思是“在这一点上”“此时”。","故事讲到这里，大家应该明白原因了。\n今天的课就上到这里，明天继续。\n问题的关键就在这里。","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_8ae5ff6ea2b97fc5_zh-CN.mp3",{"id":151,"vocabularyWord":152,"displayOrder":73},"01a0e1ae-19bb-7a02-81fb-af9877221d68",{"id":153,"word":154,"frequency":73,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":155,"partsOfSpeech":156,"audio":38,"audioUrl":165},"01a0e1ad-f1dc-7e5a-85b9-661bb4eb1c74","那里","tts_c3d45a5173e1db05_zh-CN.mp3",[157,161],{"id":158,"partOfSpeech":104,"definition":159,"exampleSentences":160,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":39},"01a13175-8657-773d-8c41-29c7b5f039f0","指示代词，指离说话人较远的地方，意思是“那个地方”，与“这里”相对。","那里的风景非常美丽。\n你把书放在那里吧。\n我明天要去那里办事。",{"id":162,"partOfSpeech":104,"definition":163,"exampleSentences":164,"isPrimary":15,"meaningOrder":53},"01a13175-8657-77c9-8c41-29c7b6d78368","用在人称代词或指人的名词后面，指那个人所在的地方或处所，相当于“他\u002F她那儿”。","我在老师那里借了一本书。\n他那里有很多好玩的东西。\n你去妈妈那里问一问吧。","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_c3d45a5173e1db05_zh-CN.mp3",{"id":167,"vocabularyWord":168,"displayOrder":30},"01a0e1ae-19bb-7a3a-81fb-af9877ca4b29",{"id":169,"word":170,"frequency":30,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":171,"partsOfSpeech":172,"audio":38,"audioUrl":177},"01a0e1ad-ec01-71d7-95d0-662c5b3adb68","哪儿","tts_68ce3426f6131c70_zh-CN.mp3",[173],{"id":174,"partOfSpeech":104,"definition":175,"exampleSentences":176,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":39},"01a0e1ad-ec38-7c2d-bda7-4706a903c561","用于询问地点，也可以指不确定的地点。","洗手间在哪儿？","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_68ce3426f6131c70_zh-CN.mp3",{"id":179,"vocabularyWord":180,"displayOrder":11},"01a0e1ae-19bb-7a6e-81fb-af9877d0cc50",{"id":181,"word":182,"frequency":73,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":183,"partsOfSpeech":184,"audio":38,"audioUrl":198},"01a0e1ad-f04e-7c8a-8388-842ba08cfadf","哪里","tts_faee75c5ef40eb44_zh-CN.mp3",[185,190,194],{"id":186,"partOfSpeech":187,"definition":188,"exampleSentences":189,"isPrimary":15,"meaningOrder":67},"01a13171-ee1d-7cb6-ba17-ea7b198fcc5f","PHRASE","用于反问，表示否定，意思是“并不是这样”；单独回答别人的称赞时，是一种谦虚的客套话。","我哪里知道他去了什么地方？\n——你的中文说得真好！——哪里哪里，还差得远呢。\n我哪里是生气，我只是有点累了。",{"id":191,"partOfSpeech":104,"definition":192,"exampleSentences":193,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":39},"01a13171-ee1d-7b62-ba17-ea7b19238618","疑问代词，用来询问地点或处所，意思是“什么地方”。","你现在在哪里？\n请问，洗手间在哪里？\n你的家乡是哪里？",{"id":195,"partOfSpeech":104,"definition":196,"exampleSentences":197,"isPrimary":15,"meaningOrder":53},"01a13171-ee1d-7c36-ba17-ea7b19254075","任指或虚指代词，指不确定的某个地方或任何地方，常与“都”“也”连用，表示无论什么地方。","我好像在哪里见过你。\n只要有你在，不管去哪里我都开心。\n他哪里也不想去，只想待在家里。","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_faee75c5ef40eb44_zh-CN.mp3",[],[201,211,217,224],{"@id":202,"@type":203,"id":204,"grammarPage":205,"title":206,"instructions":207,"displayOrder":16,"type":208,"questionCount":209,"blankCount":209,"isCompleted":15,"ogImageUrl":210},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a0e1ad-e6fd-7635-bd8d-8f10dc5678b0","GrammarExercise","01a0e1ad-e6fd-7635-bd8d-8f10dc5678b0","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a0e1ad-b902-7709-a077-2dd31195433c","介绍人和东西","根据说话人的位置和句子的意思，选择合适的词语。","word_select",12,"\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_161002e2-1098-431c-bdcc-b9cc94a5cb99_hero.webp?v=1790492665",{"@id":212,"@type":203,"id":213,"grammarPage":205,"title":214,"instructions":215,"displayOrder":39,"type":208,"questionCount":209,"blankCount":209,"isCompleted":15,"ogImageUrl":216},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a0e1ad-e719-7c09-a0d8-3fe61add2c68","01a0e1ad-e719-7c09-a0d8-3fe61add2c68","说位置和问地方","阅读情境，选择合适的表达，注意说位置和问地方的区别。","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_5a1ebb76-637d-4513-94ca-58332f14db1d_hero.webp?v=1790492665",{"@id":218,"@type":203,"id":219,"grammarPage":205,"title":220,"instructions":221,"displayOrder":53,"type":222,"questionCount":17,"blankCount":16,"isCompleted":15,"ogImageUrl":223},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a0e1ad-e736-79e5-bfe4-6f4ba003dcf6","01a0e1ad-e736-79e5-bfe4-6f4ba003dcf6","这和那：分清远近与介绍方式","先点选词卡，再点选对应的栏目。请把所有词卡分类。","word_sort","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_c537680b-77d3-4abb-92af-6abb838e2687_hero.webp?v=1790492665",{"@id":225,"@type":203,"id":226,"grammarPage":205,"title":227,"instructions":228,"displayOrder":67,"type":222,"questionCount":94,"blankCount":16,"isCompleted":15,"ogImageUrl":229},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a0e1ad-e740-7cb1-92e8-572739335268","01a0e1ad-e740-7cb1-92e8-572739335268","这、那和哪儿：分清远近与位置","点选一张词卡，再点选合适的栏目。所有词卡都要放入栏目。","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_d8cb704a-d83b-4142-81f5-b6515a83106e_hero.webp?v=1790492665",null]