Grammar learning path · C1 Advanced
Ellipsis and substitution.
English avoids repeating itself in two ways. Leave out a repeated verb phrase after an auxiliary or to, or replace it with do so, so or not — while keeping tense, negation and what each form refers to unmistakable.
2 lessons8 exercisesIn order, or à la carte
Start path — Lesson 1
First lesson · Ellipsis with Auxiliaries and Infinitives
What you'll learn.
- Omit repeated verb phrases after auxiliaries and infinitival to.
- Replace actions with do so and clauses with so or not.
- Keep tense, negation and reference clear when you shorten a sentence.
Before you start.
- Use B2 auxiliaries, modals and reporting verbs accurately.
Lessons in this path.
Take them in order- 1Lesson 1Ellipsis with Auxiliaries and Infinitives
Omits repeated verb phrases after auxiliaries and infinitival to while keeping tense, negation and reference clear.
- 2Lesson 2Substitution with Do So, So and Not
Replaces actions with do so and clauses with so or not, keeping reference clear in reporting and in formal or spoken style.
Ready?
Ellipsis with Auxiliaries and Infinitives.
Begin with the first lesson and work through the practice at your own pace.