B1 · IntermediateGrammar learning path
Present perfect contrasts
Make precise choices about events before now. First separate finished past time from a present connection, then decide whether the present perfect should emphasise a result or an activity and its duration.
2 lessons 12 exercises
What you will learn
- Choose present perfect or past simple from time and focus.
- Use for and since with continuing situations.
- Contrast present perfect simple results with present perfect continuous activity.
Before you start
- Know the A2 present perfect and common past participles.
Lessons in this path
- 1Present Perfect vs Past Simple
Contrasts connection to now with finished past time across experience, results, time containers, for/since, questions, and conversation.
- 2Present Perfect Continuous
Adds have/has been + -ing for duration and recent activity, contrasting process with present-perfect result and excluding stative verbs.