Comparative (basic)
Learn the basic comparative form in English to compare two people, things, or places, such as bigger, smaller, or faster, in this A1 lesson.
What are comparatives?
We use comparatives to compare two people, things, places, or situations.
They help us say one thing is bigger, smaller, faster, or more expensive than another thing.
Examples
- A dog is bigger than a cat.
- Today is colder than yesterday.
- This car is more expensive than the old one.
Basic comparative pattern
Structure
Pattern: X + be + comparative adjective + than + Y (X = the first thing, Y = the second thing).
Example: My brother (X) is taller than me (Y).
Examples
- My brother is taller than me.
- This book is more interesting than that one.
- The blue bag is smaller than the black bag.
After than, everyday English usually uses an object pronoun: “taller than me / him / her.” You may also hear “taller than I am”, but you do not need it now.
Adjectives That Take -er
Most one-syllable adjectives add -er. Common adjectives ending in consonant + y also change to -ier.
Spelling rules
| Adjective ending | What to do | Example |
|---|---|---|
| -e | add -r | nice → nicer |
| consonant + vowel + consonant | double the last consonant and add -er | big → bigger |
| final w, x, or y | do not double the final letter | new → newer |
| consonant + y | change y to i and add -er | easy → easier |
Two-syllable adjectives ending in consonant + y also take -ier: happy → happier; easy → easier.
Examples
- This park is nicer than the other one.
- My dog is bigger than yours.
- Today is hotter than yesterday.
- My new phone is newer than my old one.
- This road is slower than the motorway.
- This test is easier than the last one.
Longer adjectives
For many longer adjectives (usually 2+ syllables), use more: more expensive, more beautiful. But two-syllable adjectives ending in consonant + y use -ier: happy → happier, easy → easier.
Examples
- more beautiful
- more comfortable
- more difficult
Sentences:
- This dress is more expensive than that one.
- My bed is more comfortable than the chair.
You can also use less + adjective: This dress is less expensive than that one means This dress is cheaper than that one.
Irregular comparatives
Some adjectives are irregular.
Examples
- good → better
- bad → worse
- far → farther
- many/much → more
Sentences:
- This food is better than yesterday’s food.
- Today is worse than Monday.
- The supermarket is farther away than the bank.
- I have more books than you.
For physical distance, farther is mainly American English. Further is the usual form in British English.
Comparatives without “than”
We can leave out than + the second thing when it is already clear from the situation or is not important.
Compare: Today is colder than yesterday. / It’s getting colder. (We don’t say what we compare it to.)
Contrast:
- This bag is heavier than the blue bag. (The second thing is named.)
- Take the small suitcase. This one is heavier. (The situation makes the comparison clear.)
Examples
- It’s getting colder.
- This bag is heavier.
- Your English is getting better.
Common mistakes
- ✗ This bag is more bigger. → ✓ This bag is bigger.
- ✗ My brother is more taller than me. → ✓ My brother is taller than me.
- ✗ This car is faster then that one. → ✓ This car is faster than that one.
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Key takeaways
- Comparatives compare two things or people.
- Short adjectives usually add -er.
- Longer adjectives often use more / less.
- Many comparisons use than.
- Some adjectives are irregular: better, worse, farther (also further).
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Comparatives Adjectives
59 wordsLast updated October 14, 2026