Past Simple of 'be'

Beginner (A1)en
Past simple of to be

Past Simple of “Be” (was / were) 

 
Remember
You already know how to use am / is / are (present simple of be).
In this lesson, you will learn how to use was / were to talk about the past.

1. What Is the Past Simple of “Be”?
In the past simple, the verb be has two forms:
  • was
  • were

We use was / were to talk about:
  • something that happened in the past
 
 
2. When Do You Use the Past Simple of “Be”?
You use was / were to talk about the past when the time is:
yesterday, last week, last year, before, earlier, etc.


2.1 Identity and Jobs in the Past
We use was / were to say who someone was or what their job was.
 
Examples:
  • “I was a student.”
  • “She was a teacher.”
  • “They were doctors.”

Why?
The identity or job is not true now.

2.2 Feelings and States in the Past
We use was / were to say how someone felt.
 
Examples:
  • “I was tired yesterday.”
  • “He was happy.”
  • “We were nervous.”

Why?
The feeling happened in the past.

2.3 Location in the Past
We use was / were to say where someone or something was.
 
Examples:
  • “I was at home last night.”
  • “She was at school.”
  • “They were in the park.”
 
2.4 Descriptions in the Past
We use was / were to describe something in the past.
 
Examples:
  • “The weather was cold.”
  • “The room was clean.”
  • “The movie was boring.”

 
3. Choosing the Correct Form: was / were
The form depends on the subject.

Use was with:
  • I
  • he
  • she
  • it
Examples:
  • “I was tired.”
  • “He was tired.”
  • “She was tired.”
  • “It was tired.”
 
Use were with:
  • you
  • we
  • they

Examples:
  • “You were tired.”
  • “We were tired.”
  • “They were tired.”
 
 
4. Positive Sentences with “Be” (Past Simple)
Structure:
Subject + was / were + information
 
Examples:
  • “I was tired.”
  • “He was tired.”
  • “She was tired.”
  • “It was tired.”
  • “You were tired.”
  • “We were tired.”
  • “They were tired.”

Only was / were changes — the rest of the sentence stays the same.

The information after was / were can be:
  • a noun → “He was a teacher.”
  • an adjective → “She was tired.”
  • a place → “We were at home.”

 
5. Negative Sentences with “Be” (Past Simple)
To make a negative sentence, add not after was / were.
Structure:
Subject + was / were + not + information
 
Examples:
  • “I was not tired.”  →  “I wasn't tired.” 
  • “He was not tired.” →  “He wasn't tired.” 
  • “She was not tired.” →  “She wasn't tired.” 
  • “It was not tired.” →  “It wasn't tired.” 
  • “You were not tired.” →  “You weren't tired.” 
  • “We were not tired.” →  “We weren't tired.” 
  • “They were not tired.” →  “They weren't tired.” 

Short forms (very common):
  • was not → wasn’t
  • were not → weren’t

 
6. Questions with the Verb “Be” (Past Simple)
To make a question, change the word order.
Structure:
Was / Were + subject + information?
 
Examples:
  • “Was I tired?”
  • “Was he tired?”
  • “Was she tired?”
  • “Was it tired?”
  • “Were you tired?”
  • “Were we tired?”
  • “Were they tired?”
 
6.1 Short Answers
Yes answers:
  • “Yes, I was.”
  • “Yes, he/she/it was.”
  • “Yes, you/we/they were.”

No answers:
  • “No, I wasn’t.”
  • “No, he/she/it wasn’t.”
  • “No, you/we/they weren’t.”

 
7. Time Words Often Used with Past Simple “Be”
Common past time expressions:
  • yesterday
  • last night
  • last week / last year
  • earlier
  • before
  • in 2022
  • when I was a child

Examples:
  • “I was tired yesterday.”
  • “They were here last week.”
  • “She was happy when she was young.”


8. Past Simple “Be” vs Present Simple “Be” (Reminder)
Present (now):
  • “I am tired.”
  • “She is at home.”

Past (before):
  • “I was tired yesterday.”
  • “She was at home last night.”

One-sentence rule:
If the time is finished, use was / were.


9. Easy Way to Remember
Think about time first: 
  • Now → am / is / are
  • Before → was / were

Ask yourself:
  • “Is this about the past?”
If the answer is yes, use was / were.
 

Practice Exercises

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Past simple of to be

A1
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Related Vocabulary

Expand your vocabulary with words related to this grammar topic

Past simple of to be

A1

Past Simple (be)

2 words
was

verb

A1

The past form of 'be', used to describe existence or identity.

She was happy yesterday.

were

verb

A1

The past tense of 'be', used to indicate a state of being or existence in the past.

They were happy at the party.

Created: December 24, 2025